End-Stage Renal Disease

Cause: Kidney failure due to CKD, diabetic nephropathy, glomerulonephritis, PKD etc.

Symptoms: Uremia, dialysis dependence, fatigue, anemia, bone disease.

Treatment: Renal Transplantation – Placement of donor kidney (living/deceased); Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy; Robotic recipient surgery for precision and quicker recovery.

Failing Allograft

Cause: Chronic rejection, recurrent disease, graft loss.

Symptoms: Declining graft function, return of uremic symptoms.

Treatment: Allograft Nephrectomy – Removal of failed kidney in select cases.

Vascular Complications

Cause: Renal artery stenosis or thrombosis in transplanted kidney.

Symptoms: Worsening hypertension, graft dysfunction.

Treatment: Surgical or endovascular revision to restore flow.

Urological Complications

Cause: Stricture, leak, obstruction at ureterovesical junction.

Symptoms: Poor urine output, leakage, hydronephrosis.

Treatment: Ureteric reimplantation, stenting, surgical revision.

Immunological Complications

Cause: Severe rejection destroying graft.

Symptoms: Pain, fever, graft dysfunction, graft loss.

Treatment: Graft Nephrectomy when kidney is irreversibly damaged.